Realism

Realism is a theory of International Relations that stresses the competitive and conflict-ridden nature of the anarchic state system. Realists believe that power and self- interest often lead to ethical norms amongst states being neglected.The roots of Realism can be traced as far back as Thucydides (460 - 411 B.C.E) and his explanation of the Peloponnesian War, as well as to Machiavelli (1469 - 1527) who challenged the well-established concept of moral tradition in politics. Usually contrasted with Idealism or Liberalism, which tend to emphasize cooperation, realism encompasses a variety of other approaches and claims a very long theoretical tradition.